Your shingles might be prettier, but it is failing roof deck that results in 38 percent of all catastrophic leaks, costing homeowners a surprise bill of 3,000 to 7,000 dollars to fix it. Consider roof decking as the skeleton of your home; unless a good foundation is in place, the whole roofing structure collapses. What is Roof Decking? Let’s find out!
Roof Decking Defined
Roof decking is “the structural layer, typically wood or oriented strand board, that provides the base for underlayment and roofing materials.”
Key Functions
- Structural Support
- Base for Underlayment
- Load Distribution
- Supports Shingles/Tiles
- Ensures Waterproof Seal
- Handles Wind/Snow Loads
Not To Be Confused With
- Underlayment:
Waterproof barrier atop decking. - Sheathing:
Structural panels used for walls or floors, not roofs.
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The 5 Types of Roof Decking
| Type | Pros | Cons | Best For | Lifespan |
| Plywood | Strong, moisture-resistant | Expensive | High-wind areas | 30–50 yrs |
| OSB | Affordable, consistent | Swells if wet | Dry climates | 20–30 yrs |
| Plank Decking | Classic, breathable | Gaps require boards | Historic homes | 50–80 yrs |
| Tongue & Groove | Seamless, sturdy | Complex install | Premium builds | 40–60 yrs |
| Metal Decking | Fireproof, rot-proof | Noisy, expensive | Commercial roofs | 50+ yrs |
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How to Spot Failing Decking
Catch issues early to avoid costly repairs.
Warning Signs
From Inside Attic:
- Sagging between rafters
- Water stains or soft spots
- Mold/fungus growth
From Outside:
- Curled or cracked shingles (suggests uneven decking).
- Visible dips in the roof plane (structural failure risk).
Danger Zones
- Ice Dam Areas: Decking under eaves rots first due to melting snow (common in Canada).
- Valleys: Seam failures increase leak risk by 40%.
Read more: How to remove debris from a roof?
The Decking Installation Process
Proper installation ensures longevity:
- Inspection:
Check existing decking for rot or insect damage. - Removal:
Tear off old roofing materials to expose decking. - Replacement:
Secure new panels with ring-shank nails for wind resistance. - Gap Sealing:
Leave 1/8″ spacing between panels for thermal expansion. - Underlayment:
Install ice/water shield, especially in cold climates.
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Final Thoughts
What Is Roof Decking? It can be concealed, but it plays an essential role in guarding your residence. It does not matter whether you are a homeowner in a hurricane region that requires 7/16 OSB or just moving to fireproof metal decking in wildfire zones; choosing the appropriate material and being able to maintain it is not an option. Visit your attic once a year, and make sure it has a code-conforming thickness profile, as well as changing faulty decking under replacement shingles! Get in touch with the no. 1 roofing contractor, “OnlyRoofing” for any type of repairs and services!
